Effect of fuel injection parameters on the performance & emissions of biodiesel based CI engine-A review

• Biodiesel can be a promising surrogate fuel. • The variation in injection pressure can mitigate emissions. • Application of varied injection timing can control emission. • Optimization of injection parameters can enhance performance. The rapid depletion of petroleum reserves due to rising fuel consumption highlights the need for alternative energy sources. Research shows that biodiesel is a viable substitute for modern (combustion engine) CI engines, with properties like pure diesel. Current efforts focus on improving the efficiency, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness of biodiesel while reducing emissions. This study reviews the impact of injection parameter variations on the performance, combustion, and emissions of CI engines running on biodiesel-diesel blends and pure diesel. Efforts are being made to prove the applicability of biodiesel in the modern-day CI engines in an efficient, ecofriendly, and economical manner by improving the performance and mitigating the exhaust emissions. The fuel injection system is key to engine performance and emissions. This study reviews how variations in injection parameters affect the performance, combustion, and emissions of CI engines using biodiesel-diesel blends and pure diesel. It aims to optimize injection strategies for biodiesels from edible and non-edible oils, as well as pure diesel, to meet Bharat Stage-VI norms while maintaining engine efficiency. This study provides better injection Sparameter combinations by varying fuel injection strategies for different biodiesels derived from both edible and non-edible oil seeds, as well as pure diesel and their blends, using the same diesel CRDI engine. The goal is to maintain the performance and exhaust emissions of the CI engine to meet the upcoming Bharat Stage-VI norms.