Current aspects of the problem of ovarian cysts in bitches of reproductive age

The main task of veterinary reproductive medicine is to ensure healthy and healthy offspring. However, diseases of the reproductive organs in dogs remain one of the unsolved problems of modern veterinary gynecology. Among them, a special place is occupied by cystic lesions of the ovaries and uterus. The need for an in-depth description of the morphofunctional characteristics of the organs of the reproductive system of bitches in pathology is still relevant, since the diagnosis of gynecological diseases in carnivores is ambiguous, and data regarding the causes of cystic formations in dogs are scattered and incomplete. Modern ultrasound diagnostics of the ovaries and uterus in combination with clinical, biochemical, immunological and hormonal studies allows us to determine some of the causes of the occurrence and development of ovarian pathologies in dogs. Elevated cholesterol levels can be considered in conjunction with elevated levels of estradiol, which is a sex steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. In our case, the level of progesterone did not exceed the normal physiological parameters characteristic of the stage of anesthesia, while the indicators of testosterone and estradiol were increased. A significant increase in the concentration of the hormones testosterone and estradiol may cause an imbalance in the reproductive system of the body and may provoke the development of cysts and other neoplasms. Chlamydia and mycoplasma infections can also contribute to the appearance and development of ovarian cysts. In order to improve the forecasting system for the occurrence and development of cystic neoplasms, a subsequent study of the pathogenesis of diseases of the reproductive system of bitches is required in order to identify new interdependencies in it.