Administration of Vitamin D Supplements in the Prevention of Preeclampsia in High-Risk Pregnant Women

Preeclampsia is still one of the most important obstetric complications during pregnancy and still constitutes a substantial proportion of maternal morbidity in the triad responsible for this morbidity, along with sepsis and hemorrhage. Vitamin D has gained great importance in biochemical medicine because it is connected with the pathology of many pregnancy complications, and preeclampsia is one of the most important of these complications. Objective: To determine a relationship between the administration of vitamin D supplements and neutralizing preeclampsia in pregnant women at high risk for developing the syndrome. Materials and methods: Our study is a prospective comparative study that included 300 pregnant women at Tishreen University Hospital between March 2023 and March 2024. In our study, we divided the sample into two groups: the control group, which consisted of 150 pregnant women who were not given the supportive dose of vitamin D studied in our research and the exposure group, which consisted of 150 pregnant women who were given 50000 IU of vitamin D every two weeks from the first trimester of pregnancy until delivery. Pregnant women in both groups were followed throughout the pregnancy, and the fetal growth was assessed by ultrasound while screening for signs of preeclampsia. Results: The sample was controlled for parental age, material status and body mass index BMI. The statistical differences favored the exposure group significantly with regard to the development of proteinuria, high blood pressure and the development of fetal measurements of Abdominal Circumference (AC) and the estimated Fetal Weight (FW) when performing an ultrasound examination. Conclusion: Our study unveiled that the administration of vitamin D supplements prevented pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia from developing the syndrome, and it is connected with good birth outcomes. The differences were also significant with regard to birth weights and also in favor of the exposure group.