The Diverse Roles of the Tumour Microenvironment in Carcinogenesis

Cancer progression heavily relies on the tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic targeting of its components could aid in cancer management. This narrative review highlights the different parts of TME and charts potential targets for cancer therapy. Overall, the influence of the various components of the microenvironment is that of tumor support through immunosuppression, particularly as cancer progresses beyond initiation. Targeting the supporting elements of the TME for therapeutic benefit is possible after a detailed evaluation of the cancer type and stage. Several therapeutic modalities are already well established, and more preclinical and clinical studies are underway.