Functional Lung Disorders in Smoking Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Introduction . There is evidence that smoking affects the course and effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. At the same time, tobacco smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis are significant risk factors in the development of functional lung disorders. The purpose of the study to study the nature of changes in spirometry parameters and the peculiarities of the course of the tuberculosis process in smoking patients. Materials and methods . A retrospective cohort study, which included 102 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients were divided into two groups: 1 — smoking patients (47 people), 2 — non-smoking patients (55 people). Results . It is shown that men are significantly more common among the former, while women are more common among the latter (p = 0.001). Bilateral lung tissue lesions are more common among smokers compared to non-smokers. It is shown that a decrease in the volume of forced exhalation in the first second (OFV1) of an extremely severe degree is significantly more often observed among smokers (p = 0.028). At the same time, a mild degree is more common among non-smokers (p = 0.039). Discussion . Thus, the most important problem among smokers and non-smokers is a violation of the functional parameters of the lungs. Currently, there is a need to find optimal approaches to prevent a decrease in lung function. Conclusion. It has been shown that a decrease in lung function is observed more often among smoking patients. Also, respiratory symptoms and infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis are more common among smokers compared to non-smokers.