Metachronous Cutaneous Melanoma Metastases of the Left Anterior Paranasal Sinuses and the Right Nasopharynx That Were Treated Surgically: A Case Report With Literature Review

Metastases of cutaneous melanoma to the paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx are considered rare. We reported the case of a patient with cutaneous melanoma metastasizing to the left anterior infundibulum and seven months later to the right nasopharynx that was successfully treated by endonasal endoscopic surgery as a single treatment modality. No adjuvant radiotherapy was performed. We described all known cases of metastatic cutaneous melanomas to the paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx. In cases of neither lung involvement nor open foramen ovale, the metastatic route might be the vertebral venous system. The histopathologic differentiation between primary mucosal and metastatic cutaneous melanoma remains critical. Adequate surgical treatment is crucial. More data are needed to further understand the role of adjuvant radiotherapy. Molecular markers, such as KIT and BRAF mutations, should be examined.