Research of anomaly detection based on dynamic anomaly detection enhancement framework

Abstract Anomaly detection (AD) plays a crucial role in various fields, from industrial defect inspection to geological detection. However, traditional approaches often struggle with insufficient discriminability and an inability to generalize to unseen anomalies. These limitations stem from the practical difficulty in gathering a comprehensive set of anomalies and the tendency to overlook anomalous instances in favor of normal samples. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Dynamic AD Enhancement Framework, integrating three key innovations: (1) SaliencyAug: An adaptive saliency-guided augmentation method that generates realistic pseudo-samples to enhance learning of rare anomalies, improving model generalization. (2) DynAB: A dynamic attention block that achieves effective multi-level feature fusion while minimizing redundant information, enhancing detection accuracy. (3) DualOM: A dual-head optimization module which employs separate heads for normal and anomalous sample learning, creating more explicit and discriminative decision boundaries. Extensive experiments across multiple real-world datasets demonstrate our framework’s superior performance in detecting a wide range of anomalies, demonstrating 2.4% improvement over state-of-the-art methods.