Sustainable Engineering of the Wearable Sensor for Noninvasive Health Monitoring Using Exfoliated Layered Double Hydroxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Electrospun Fiber Composites

Effective wearable sensors have substantial opportunities in robot–human communication, human motion monitoring, and implantable devices. Strain sensors are believed to detect physiological activity and play a significant role in the personalized biomedical industry and flexible electronics. Electromechanical sensors with high sensitivity and linearity attain great scientific attention. A fabricated wearable sensor based on layered double hydroxide and rGO integrated into the PVA fiber utilizing electrospinning is highlighted herein. The resultant film encapsulated with PDMS is a sensing device to monitor human joints efficiently. Owing to its unique structure and chemical environment, this sensor exhibits a wide sensing range of up to 29% stretching while retaining high sensitivity as high as ∼430.60. Under stretching conditions, the microstructure and conductive pathway rearrange their position, signifying high responsiveness in periodic operation. Due to the fibrous morphology and superior dispersion of the nanohybrid, the tensile strength and elongation at break improved by ∼286 and 29%, respectively. The fabricated sensor exhibited repeated piezoresistive performance under strains of up to 26%, resulting in low hysteresis (18%). In addition, the fabricated sensor showed quick response time (<100 ms) and long cyclic stability, which is beneficial for real-time human motion monitoring. The potential applications in various human joint movements, including the finger, elbow, wrist, and knee, have paved the way for human motion detection and wearable devices.