Prevalence and clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Makhachkala-Caspian agglomeration

Introduction. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is the most common gastrointestinal disease. In recent decades, various questionnaires have been used to study the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease: GERD-Q, QUEST, FSSG, RDQ, GERD-HRQL, the use of which has allowed us to establish a clear trend towards an increase in the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease throughout the world, including in Russia. Aim. To study the prevalence and features of the clinical course of gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Makhachkala- Caspian agglomeration of the Republic of Dagestan. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 496 residents of the Republic of Dagestan (308 women and 188 men, average age ‒ 40 ± 0.7 years) using the GERD-Q and EFGERD (Epidemiology and Risk Factors for the Development of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Dagestan) questionnaires. Results. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Makhachkala-C aspian agglomeration of the Republic of Dagestan according to the GERD-Q questionnaire was 11.8%, according to the EFGERD questionnaire – 26.2%. The most common residents of the Republic of Dagestan who suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease are Dargins (39.8%), Avars (38.2%) and Kumyks (37.0%). Somewhat less common are Lezgins (30.7%) and mestizos (31.6%). Laks (12%) and Tabasarans (8.9%) suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease much less frequently. It has been established that in addition to esophageal symptoms of the disease, patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease often have symptoms of gastrointestinal tract diseases, as well as otolaryngological, bronchopulmonary, cardiac and dental symptoms. Conclusion. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Makhachkala-C aspian agglomeration of the Republic of Dagestan according to the EFGERD questionnaire was 26.2%. At the same time, the EFGERD questionnaire has shown its high diagnostic value, which makes it possible to recommend it for the purpose of early diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its extraesophageal manifestations.