Motivation, attitude, knowledge, and engagement towards the development of sustainability competencies among students of higher education: a predictive study

This quantitative research predictive study evaluates the roles of four variables in developing student sustainability competencies through a curricular intervention. We used the MAKE framework, i.e., (1) motivation, (2) attitude, (3) knowledge, and (4) engagement, to promote the sustainability competencies among students enrolled in four undergraduate courses during the semester of February to June 2022. We surveyed the students to determine the role of the MAKE framework variables in developing sustainability competencies. One hundred four students answered an online Google survey, which gathered the data we subsequently analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26 software. Linear regression statistical results confirmed that the four variables of MAKE have a significant correlation where motivation was highly associated with developing sustainability competencies of students. These findings can guide professors and university policymakers in implementing the MAKE framework to promote sustainable development education.