The JUNO High-Voltage Control System

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a multipurpose neutrino experiment designed to determine the neutrino mass ordering and precisely measure the oscillation parameters. The experiment’s central detector (CD) contains tens of thousands of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The detector control system (DCS) is responsible for monitoring and controlling the detector’s operation status. The high-voltage (HV) control system is one of the key subsystems of DCS. This system is capable of precisely controlling tens of thousands of HV channels to ensure the safe and proper operation of the PMT. The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), a commonly used platform, serves as the foundation for developing the HV control system. Each input-output controller (IOC) communicates with the electronic hardware through the IPbus protocol, enabling data readout and HV control. In addition, the supervisory computer interacts with the IOCs using the channel access (CA) protocol, enabling centralized monitoring and control. Modular design, concurrent multichannel operation, and asynchronous driving techniques optimize the system, significantly enhancing real-time performance and concurrence. The experiment’s HV system meets its design requirements. This schema could provide a valuable reference for other large-scale control systems.