Chromosome-level genome assembly of two cultivated Jujubes

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a valuable tree species with economic, edible, medicinal, and ecological conservation benefits. In this study, we used PacBio HiFi sequencing and Hi-C technology to assemble chromosome-level genomes of two cultivated Jujubes, namely 'Lingwuchangzao' and 'Shiguang'. The genome sizes of 'Lingwuchangzao' and 'Shiguang' were 385.66 Mb and 394.12 Mb, respectively, with contig N50 sizes of 30.62 Mb and 4.30 Mb. These genomes contained 31,082 and 31,015 protein-coding genes, with repeat element contents of 42.11% and 42.33%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 'Lingwuchangzao' was sister to 'Shiguang' and followed by 'Dongzao'. Additionally, comparative analysis of gene families among 'Lingwuchangzao', 'Shiguang', 'Dongzao', 'Junzao', and 'Suanzao' identified 15,988 (57.98%) core gene families, 11,191 (40.59%) disposable gene families, and 394 (1.43%) private gene families. Overall, the assembly of the genomes of these two cultivated Jujube varieties provides valuable genetic information for Jujube evolution, functional genomics research, and molecular breeding.