Orbital dermoid cyst in children: A case report

Dermoid cysts represent the most frequent type of orbital cystic lesions observed in children. While superficial orbital dermoid cysts manifest early in life as slowly growing masses, deep dermoid cysts typically remain clinically undetectable until adolescence or adulthood, at which point they enlarge and induce proptosis. Imaging studies play a pivotal role in precisely determining location and size, excluding intracranial and intraorbital extensions, and facilitating the planning of management strategies for complex cases. We present a case of a 5-year-old boy admitted for slowly developing of ocular motility limitation of the right eye, observed by the parents. The imaging revealed a well-circumscribed extraconal cystic mass, with radiological characteristics primarily suggesting a dermoid cyst. The cyst was surgically excised without complications, and the histopathological examination of the operative specimen confirmed our diagnosis.