Multiplicity dependence of charged-particle intra-jet properties in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{{{\varvec{s}}}}$$ = 13 TeV

Abstract The first measurement of the multiplicity dependence of intra-jet properties of leading charged-particle jets in proton–proton (pp) collisions is reported. The mean charged-particle multiplicity and jet fragmentation distributions are measured in minimum-bias and high-multiplicity pp collisions at center-of-mass energy $$\sqrt{s}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV using the ALICE detector. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles produced in the midrapidity region ( $$|\eta | &lt; 0.9$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) using the sequential recombination anti- $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> algorithm with jet resolution parameters R = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 for the transverse momentum ( $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) interval 5–110 GeV/ c . The high-multiplicity events are selected by the forward V0 scintillator detectors. The mean charged-particle multiplicity inside the leading jet cone rises monotonically with increasing jet $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> in qualitative agreement with previous measurements at lower energies. The distributions of jet fragmentation function variables $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and $$\xi ^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> are measured for different jet- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> intervals. Jet- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> independent fragmentation of leading jets is observed for wider jets except at high- and low- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> values. The observed “hump-backed plateau” structure in the $$\xi ^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> distribution indicates suppression of low- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> particles. In high-multiplicity events, an enhancement of the fragmentation probability of low- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> particles accompanied by a suppression of high- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> particles is observed compared to minimum-bias events. This behavior becomes more prominent for low- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> jets with larger jet radius. The results are compared with predictions of QCD-inspired event generators, PYTHIA 8 with Monash 2013 tune and EPOS LHC. It is found that PYTHIA 8 qualitatively reproduces the jet modification in high-multiplicity events except at high jet $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . These measurements provide important constraints to models of jet fragmentation.

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The European Physical Journal C
Published
2024-10-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13228-0
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Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
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article

Multiplicity dependence of charged-particle intra-jet properties in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{{{\varvec{s}}}}$$ = 13 TeV

F. Ronchetti, L. Lautner, I. Chakaberia, K. Barth et al.
The European Physical Journal C
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
article

Multiplicity dependence of charged-particle intra-jet properties in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{{{\varvec{s}}}}$$ = 13 TeV

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Kollegger, K. Reygers, B. Batyunya, C. Furget, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, V. Pozdniakov, P. Dhankher, A. Rehman, G. Eulisse, P. F. Rojas, S. Yuan, R. Shahoyan, D. L. D. Keijdener, M. Oya, S. Jadlovska, Navneet Kumar, T. A. Rancien, A. L. Mazuecos, Paola Vargas Torres, C. P. Stylianidis, A. S. Kalteyer, P. Buehler, А. Виноградов, P. Larionov, J. Otwinowski, H. Yu, R. Grosso, C. Grigoras, F. Rami, M. Vasileiou, S. Chattopadhyay, M. A. Janik, K. Oyama, W. Riegler, A. Ghimouz, Bhagyarathi Sahoo, S. Acharya, J. Faivre, S. Sharma, J. Konig, P. Huhn, M. Inaba, Z. Vilakazi, Z. Pugelova, S. Vergara Limón, A. Rosano, Y. Pachmayer, S. Padhan, F. Barile, M. H. P. Sas, Sebastian Dominik Koryciak, D. Banerjee, S. Lökòs, P. Karczmarczyk, F. Prino, L. Micheletti, A. Khatun, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, J. Alme, G. G. Barnaföldi, Y. Zhou, F. Flor, Laura Maria Huhta, L. Barioglio, M. Vala, F. Herrmann, E. Meninno, F. T. Weiglhofer, Giulia Clai, Ezra Douglas Lesser, R. Ilkaev, R. Alfaro Molina, J. Jadlovsky, Y. Pestov, W. Wu, V. Grigoriev, Takuya Kumaoka, M. Durkac, Chandrasekhar Ghosh, Ya Zhu, R. Cerri, A. P. Bigot, C. Ceballos Sánchez, H. R. Schmidt, M. Meres, H. Sharma, A. Lakrathok, L. Ferrandi, R. Tokumoto, Natalia Dzalaiova, Ren Ejima, S. Gotovac, Tanu Gahlaut, M. Tkacik, M. G. Munhoz, S. Yang, X. Li, M. P. P. Martins, K. Sajdakova, Keisuke Tomohiro, D. Wang, M. Barlou, K. Goswami, D. Pagano, J. L. Bazo Alba, C. H. Christensen, E. G. Nielsen, O. Vázquez Doce, S. Basu, S. Siddhanta, S. Jaelani, E. Fragiacomo, A. Redelbach, T. Peitzmann, G. de Cataldo, S. Sahoo, L. Zhang
article en

Abstract

Abstract The first measurement of the multiplicity dependence of intra-jet properties of leading charged-particle jets in proton–proton (pp) collisions is reported. The mean charged-particle multiplicity and jet fragmentation distributions are measured in minimum-bias and high-multiplicity pp collisions at center-of-mass energy $$\sqrt{s}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV using the ALICE detector. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles produced in the midrapidity region ( $$|\eta | &lt; 0.9$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) using the sequential recombination anti- $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> algorithm with jet resolution parameters R = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 for the transverse momentum ( $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) interval 5–110 GeV/ c . The high-multiplicity events are selected by the forward V0 scintillator detectors. The mean charged-particle multiplicity inside the leading jet cone rises monotonically with increasing jet $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> in qualitative agreement with previous measurements at lower energies. The distributions of jet fragmentation function variables $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and $$\xi ^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> are measured for different jet- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> intervals. Jet- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> independent fragmentation of leading jets is observed for wider jets except at high- and low- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> values. The observed “hump-backed plateau” structure in the $$\xi ^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> distribution indicates suppression of low- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> particles. In high-multiplicity events, an enhancement of the fragmentation probability of low- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> particles accompanied by a suppression of high- $$z^{\textrm{ch}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>ch</mml:mtext> </mml:msup> </mml:math> particles is observed compared to minimum-bias events. This behavior becomes more prominent for low- $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> jets with larger jet radius. The results are compared with predictions of QCD-inspired event generators, PYTHIA 8 with Monash 2013 tune and EPOS LHC. It is found that PYTHIA 8 qualitatively reproduces the jet modification in high-multiplicity events except at high jet $$p_\textrm{T}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . These measurements provide important constraints to models of jet fragmentation.

The European Physical Journal CVol. 84(10)
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (FR), Warsaw University of Technology (PL), University of Messina (IT), Hiroshima University (JP), Goethe University Frankfurt (DE), Creighton University (US), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT), University of Copenhagen (DK), University of Science and Technology of China (CN), Jagiellonian University (PL), Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (IN), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR), University of Salerno (IT), A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory (AM), Gangneung–Wonju National University (KR), University of Bonn (DE), Gauhati University (IN), University of Trieste (IT), University of Jammu (IN), University of Tsukuba (JP), University of Kansas (US), University of Liverpool (GB), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (UA), California Polytechnic State University (US), Bose Institute (IN), University of Cape Town (ZA), Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (IN), COMSATS University Islamabad (PK), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IN), National Institute of Science Education and Research (IN), Chungbuk National University (KR), GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE), Aligarh Muslim University (IN), Saga University (JP), Politecnico di Torino (IT), Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (NO), University of Zagreb (HR), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR), Technical University of Košice (SK), University of Oslo (NO), Wayne State University (US), Lund University (SE), Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science (JP), Inha University (KR), University of the Witwatersrand (ZA), Utrecht University (NL), Yonsei University (KR), Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (MX), Université Clermont Auvergne (FR), Homi Bhabha National Institute (IN), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR), University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik (SK), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), University of Derby (GB), Heidelberg University (DE), University of Münster (DE), Fudan University (CN), University of Pavia (IT), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI), University of South-Eastern Norway (NO), Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (DE), Daresbury Laboratory (GB), Sejong University (KR), United Nations University Institute for Sustainability and Peace (JP), China University of Geosciences (CN), Yale University (US), Institute of Physics, Bhubaneshwar (IN), Central China Normal University (CN), Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R and D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (RO), Faculty (United Kingdom) (GB), National Institute for Subatomic Physics (NL), China Institute of Atomic Energy (CN), National Centre for Nuclear Research (PL), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (IT), Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania (IT), FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ), HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics (HU), IMT Atlantique (FR), CEA Paris-Saclay (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari (IT), National Nuclear Research Center (AZ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (FR), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (FR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT), Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo (BR), Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary (RO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT), Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute (CZ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (IT), Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (AT), KTO Karatay University (TR), Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics (UA), National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (ID), Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (FR), Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CU), National Research and Innovation Agency (ID), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (FR), University of Bergen (NO), University of Houston (US), Czech Technical University in Prague (CZ), Pusan National University (KR), Panjab University (IN), The Ohio State University (US), Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" (BG), Universitatea Națională de Știință și Tehnologie Politehnica București (RO), Technical University of Munich (DE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IN), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PE), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CH), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX), AGH University of Krakow (PL), Université de Strasbourg (FR), Universidade Federal do ABC (BR), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (MX), Chicago State University (US), Comenius University Bratislava (SK), The University of Tokyo (JP), University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US), University of Birmingham (GB), University of Brescia (IT), Jeonbuk National University (KR), University of Tübingen (DE), Suranaree University of Technology (TH), Sungkyunkwan University (KR), The University of Texas at Austin (US), National Research Foundation (ZA), Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KR), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX), Université Grenoble Alpes (FR), University of Split (HR), University of Jyväskylä (FI), University of California, Berkeley (US), Nantes Université (FR), Nara Women's University (JP)
National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Villum Fonden, CERN, Strong, Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, European Commission, National Research Foundation, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India, University Grants Commission, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Grantová Agentura České Republiky, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Austrian Science Fund, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ministerstvo školstva, vedy, výskumu a športu Slovenskej republiky, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, National Research Foundation of Korea, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Suranaree University of Technology, Vetenskapsrådet, Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Norges Forskningsråd, State Committee of Science, Fondo de Cooperación Internacional en Ciencia y Tecnología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Nuclear Physics, FP7 International Cooperation
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