UNVEILING THE IMPACT OF ANNEALING ON CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION-SYNTHESIZED CALCIUM ZIRCONATE THIN-FILMS: STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, OPTICAL, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND LUMINESCENT CHARACTERISTICS

The chemical bath deposition method (CBD) was used to create thin films of calcium zirconate on a glass substrate. After that, the samples were annealed for an hour at three different temperatures: [Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C, and [Formula: see text]C. The structural parameters of the samples like lattice strain, dislocation density and crystallite size were calculated from XRD analysis. The lattice strain was found to be very low. The crystallite size confirms the nano-size of the synthesized sample. From UV analysis, the optical energy direct bandgap was calculated in the range of 3.98–4.16[Formula: see text]eV. A higher annealing temperature of [Formula: see text]C causes the thin film’s bandgap to diminish, confirming the calcium zirconate thin film’s broad bandgap characteristics. From SEM analysis, morphology, and adhesive nature was analyzed, and from AFM analysis, the grain size of the sample was found to be in 300[Formula: see text]nm.