Acute Splenic Sequestration: A Rare and Severe Complication of Sickle Cell Anemia in Adults: About a Case Report

Acute splenic sequestration is a well-known complication of sickle cell disorders, marked by a sudden drop in hemoglobin levels and significant, painless splenomegaly. This condition is typically observed in children with homozygous sickle cell disease. However, it is rarely reported in adults with heterozygous sickle cell conditions. We describe the case of a 28-year-old patient with a history of hemoglobin SC disease who suffered an acute splenic sequestration crisis. We review the CT characteristics of splenic sequestration, including splenic enlargement and an irregular peripheral rim of hypoenhancing or hypoechoic tissue, and discuss differential diagnoses. While acute splenic sequestration is predominantly a severe complication in children, timely diagnosis and treatment particularly red blood cell transfusions can lead to full recovery.