Therapeutic and Prognostic Aspects of Acute Generalized Peritonitis at the Referral Health Center (CSRéf) of Ouélessébougou

Our objectives were to determine the hospital frequency, describe the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects, and assess the postoperative outcomes. Methods: The study took place in the surgery department of the CSRéf of Ouélessébougou. It was a descriptive, analytical, and retrospective study over a 26-month period, from June 2021 to October 2023, including all patients operated on for acute peritonitis with an exploitable medical record. Results: During the study period, 182 patients underwent emergency surgery, of which 43 cases were for acute peritonitis, a frequency of 0.44%. The average age was 28.58±16.53 years, ranging from 7 to 70 years. The age group of 01 to 30 years was the most represented, accounting for 60.5%. The majority of patients were male (65%). All patients presented with abdominal pain, associated with vomiting as a functional symptom. The initial site of pain was in the right iliac fossa in 48.8% of patients. ASP (Abdomen without Preparation) was performed on 33 patients, revealing diffuse greyness in all these patients and an interhepatic-diaphragmatic gas crescent in 11 patients. Ultrasound was performed in 21 patients (49%), especially when the clinical diagnosis was unclear. General anesthesia was administered to all patients. Appendicular etiology was identified in 46.5% of cases. The majority of patients had a good prognosis according to the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) in 97.7% of cases. Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 72.1% of patients, but 23.3% experienced parietal suppuration.