Influence of edaphoclimatic conditions on the growth and development of the autochthonous Don grape variety Sibirkovyi

Abstract. The article examines the influence of growing conditions on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the Don autochthon Sibirkovyi variety. The research was carried out in 2021-2023 at two experimental sites of Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center” located in Novocherkassk and in Pukhlyakovskiy. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of environmental conditions on the growth and development of grape bushes of the Sibirkovyi variety. The study of terroirs is an important task of modern viticulture. This will not only provide scientific guidance when choosing a place to lay a vineyard, but will also allow to get a stable high-quality yield. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the climate changes that have occurred in recent decades and not be guided only by historical references. The climate of the Rostov region has become warmer, which makes it possible to move the border of industrial winemaking further north. This requires research aimed at studying the impact of changes in these conditions on grapes and wine, which will ensure the optimal selection of assortment for new vineyards. As a result of the analysis of soil and climatic conditions, we have compiled a characteristic of two viticultural districts of the Rostov region and determined the feasibility of growing an autochthonous variety of Sibirkovyi grapes. In the conditions of the Novocherkassk branch of the experimental field, with a drysteppe type of landscapes, grape during the specified research period develop a large leaf surface (up to 15 thousand m2 /ha) with a yield capacity of 10-15 tons/ha. Grape grown at the Pukhlyakovskiy branch of the experimental field, confined to the lower part of the slopes of the right bank of the Don of the southern exposure, deformed by ancient landslide and erosion processes, develop a smaller leaf area and a smaller yield, however, due to the best unique soil, hydrogeological and microclimatic conditions, the quality of finished products is higher here than in Novocherkassk. Keywords: terroir, edaphoclimatic conditions, grapes, high-quality winemaking, Sibirkovyi