Puberty — variations of terms: literature review and personal data

It is emphasized that puberty is a very important moment in a girl’s life.The characteristics of puberty, the timing of the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, and their sequence in modern teenagers were given. Numerous epidemiological studies conducted in many countries of the world indicate a younger onset of puberty, but it continues to be considered physiological when it begins between the ages of 8 and 13.The timing of the appearance of the first menstruation is considered in detail. The parameters of a normal menstrual cycle are discussed, indicating that most teenage menstrual cycles are about 21 to 45 days. Menstrual cycles outside this range are abnormal and adolescents with excessive or infrequent bleeding should be seen by a pediatric gynecologist. Monitoring of sexual development by medical personnel will make it possible to timely identify adolescents with menstrual disorders in order to prescribe adequate treatment.Being in a combat zone has a negative effect on sexual development and menstrual function. It is stressed that early and late menarche are risk factors for the subsequent formation of a wide range of various diseases and not only from reproductive health, namely, cardiovascular diseases and their complications, and the percentage of mortality from them increases, diabetes type 2, gestational diabetes, cancer incidence, depressive states, etc. It is emphasized that the term «menstrual health» has recently been proposed and the assessment of menstrual cycles should be used as a vital indicator.The prevalence of problems with the menstrual cycle is high among adolescent girls. The lack of knowledge among medical staff in this question creates serious problems related to late treatment and the lack of an opportunity to prevent the formation of gynecological pathology, which can have significant consequences for future reproductive health.