Weak Gravitational Lensing around Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the DES Year 3 Data

We present galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements using a sample of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) drawn from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (Y3) data as lenses. LSBGs are diffuse galaxies with a surface brightness dimmer than the ambient night sky. These dark-matter-dominated objects are intriguing due to potentially unusual formation channels that lead to their diffuse stellar component. Given the faintness of LSBGs, using standard observational techniques to characterize their total masses proves challenging. Weak gravitational lensing, which is less sensitive to the stellar component of galaxies, could be a promising avenue to estimate the masses of LSBGs. Our LSBG sample consists of 23,790 galaxies separated into red and blue color types at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.60</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.60</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , respectively. Combined with the DES Y3 shear catalog, we measure the tangential shear around these LSBGs and find signal-to-noise ratios of 6.67 for the red sample, 2.17 for the blue sample, and 5.30 for the full sample. We use the clustering redshifts method to obtain redshift distributions for the red and blue LSBG samples. Assuming all red LSBGs are satellites, we fit a simple model to the measurements and estimate the host halo mass of these LSBGs to be . We place a 95% upper bound on the subhalo mass at . By contrast, we assume the blue LSBGs are centrals, and place a 95% upper bound on the halo mass at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>log</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">h</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">o</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">s</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>⊙</mml:mo> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="true" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>11.84</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We find that the stellar-to-halo mass ratio of the LSBG samples is consistent with that of the general galaxy population. This work illustrates the viability of using weak gravitational lensing to constrain the halo masses of LSBGs.

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The Open Journal of Astrophysics
Published
2024-10-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.124536
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Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
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article
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article

Weak Gravitational Lensing around Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the DES Year 3 Data

B. Yanny, K. Kuehn, A. Drlica-Wagner, J. García-Bellido et al.
1 links
The Open Journal of Astrophysics
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
article

Weak Gravitational Lensing around Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the DES Year 3 Data

B. Yanny, K. Kuehn, A. Drlica-Wagner, J. García-Bellido, J. Cordero, I. Ferrero, S. Everett, E. Gaztanaga, S Samuroff, M. R. Becker, C. J. Davis, Dimitrios Tanoglidis, D. Bacon, J. DeRose, D. Gruen, A. Pieres, J. Prat, A. Alarcon, J. Muir, G. Zacharegkas, J. L. Marshall, A. A. Plazas, A. Navarro-Alsina, S. B. Pandey, D. Brooks, D. Sanchez Cid, R. Cawthon, S. Desai, I. Tutusaus, A. Porredon, K. Herner, A. Campos, P. Wiseman, A. Palmese, G. Giannini, A. R. Walker, M. Gatti, G. M. Bernstein, C. Chang, J. Carretero, C. Lidman, C. To, A. Ferté, Scott Dodelson, Nathalie Chicoine, J. Elvin-Poole, Susmita Adhikari, D. L. Tucker, Eusebio Sanchez, J. Myles, A. Amon, J. McCullough, P. -F. Leget, J. Mena-Fernández, K. Honscheid, Ashley J. Ross, O. Alves, A. Carnero Rosell, C. Doux, K. Eckert, I. Harrison, Marco Raveri, K. Bechtol, T. N. Varga, A. Choi, D.J James, J. García-Bellido, T. Shin, A. Roodman, N. Weaverdyck, B. Yin, Dhayaa Anbajagane, Mike Jarvis, S. R. Hinton, R. Chen, N. MacCrann, M. Aguena, C. Sánchez, R. L. C. Ogando, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, G. Tarle, M. W. L. Smith, M. E. S. Pereira, R. P. Rollins, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutiérrez, Risa H. Wechsler, S Lee, E. Sheldon, J. Zuntz, M. Lima, F. J. Castander, M. E. S. Pereira, M. A. Troxel, E. S. Rykoff, P. Doel, M. Soares-Santos, M. Carrasco Kind, M E C Swanson, R. Miquel, L. F. Secco, V. Vikram, B. Flaugher, J. De Vicente, C. Conselice
article en

Abstract

We present galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements using a sample of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) drawn from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (Y3) data as lenses. LSBGs are diffuse galaxies with a surface brightness dimmer than the ambient night sky. These dark-matter-dominated objects are intriguing due to potentially unusual formation channels that lead to their diffuse stellar component. Given the faintness of LSBGs, using standard observational techniques to characterize their total masses proves challenging. Weak gravitational lensing, which is less sensitive to the stellar component of galaxies, could be a promising avenue to estimate the masses of LSBGs. Our LSBG sample consists of 23,790 galaxies separated into red and blue color types at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.60</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.60</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , respectively. Combined with the DES Y3 shear catalog, we measure the tangential shear around these LSBGs and find signal-to-noise ratios of 6.67 for the red sample, 2.17 for the blue sample, and 5.30 for the full sample. We use the clustering redshifts method to obtain redshift distributions for the red and blue LSBG samples. Assuming all red LSBGs are satellites, we fit a simple model to the measurements and estimate the host halo mass of these LSBGs to be . We place a 95% upper bound on the subhalo mass at . By contrast, we assume the blue LSBGs are centrals, and place a 95% upper bound on the halo mass at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>log</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">h</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">o</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">s</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>⊙</mml:mo> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="true" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>11.84</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We find that the stellar-to-halo mass ratio of the LSBG samples is consistent with that of the general galaxy population. This work illustrates the viability of using weak gravitational lensing to constrain the halo masses of LSBGs.

The Open Journal of AstrophysicsVol. 7
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (FR), Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (FR)
National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, University of Pennsylvania, Ohio State University, University of Chicago, University of Portsmouth, Centres de Recerca de Catalunya, University College London, European Commission, University of Sussex, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Office of Science, Science and Technology Facilities Council, European Regional Development Fund, Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University, Argonne National Laboratory, Fermilab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Openalex Percentile: Top 87%
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
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