Identification of Potential Drug Interactions in Osteoarthritis Patients at X Hospital, South Tangerang, 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive damage to joint cartilage and diarthrodial joint structures. In Indonesia, OA is the most common rheumatic disease. The causes of OA are multifactorial, such as obesity and genetic and racial factors, the risk of which rises at the age of 50 years. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic use of OA and drug interactions that occur in patients with osteoarthritis. This study used a cross-sectional design with prospective data collection through medical records of 60 OA patients in 2019 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Results showed that 87 drug interactions occurred in OA patients in this study; the other results were found to be a relationship between comorbidities and significant drug interactions (P value <0.05). The drug most widely interacted is ketorolac (45.71%), the interaction between paracetamol with ranitidine (15.71%), the interaction of ketorolac with ranitidine (12.86%), and ketorolac with metformin (11.43%). The most common mechanism of interaction is in pharmacodynamic (66.67%), and the pharmacokinetic interaction mechanism is 25.29%. The highest severity of interactions was found to be major (58.62%), and moderate severity was 25.3%. In conclusion, it was found that 87 drug interactions occurred in OA patients in this study. Other results were found to be a relationship between comorbidities and significant drug interactions. The drug most widely interacted with is Ketorolac, the interaction between par. The most interaction mechanism is pharmacodynamically. The most severe of interactions were found to be at the major severity level of paracetamol with ranitidine, the interaction of ketorolac with ranitidine, and ketorolac with metformin.