ADAPTIVE VARIETIES OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT BREEDING BY OMSK ASC AND BASIC ELEMENTS OF THEIR CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A CHANGING CLIMATE

Research on variety testing and the study of the basic elements of the technology for cultivating spring soft wheat was carried out in the fields of the seed production department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Omsk ASC" in dry years (2020-2022). The object of study was 19 varieties of 3 ripeness groups. The field experiment was carried out on plots with an area of 20 m2 with four replication. Sires are fallow and grain crops (2 crops after fallow). Sowing dates - early May - first ten days of June with an interval of 7 days. Seeding rates – from 2 to 6 million grains per hectare. As studies have shown, the varieties of the mid-season and mid-late ripeness groups were characterized by the greatest adaptability, namely: Pamyati Suslyakova, Omskaya Zhemzhina, Uralosibirskaya 2, Omsakya 44, Sigma, Melodiya, Omskaya Fortress, Sigma 5. Of the mid-early varieties, only the DG 48/18 breeding line showed a significant advantage over the standard. In conditions of insufficient moisture in the summer period, the optimal sowing dates for all biotypes turned out to be early - late April - early May (May 7). The optimal seeding rates for varieties of mid-early and mid-ripening types are 5.0 million germinated grains/ha, for mid-late varieties – 4.0 million.