Research on the two-stage stable and robust optimization strategy of electric power retailers based on the demand response probability distribution

With the deepening of the new round of power system reform, market players are more independent in their choice of suppliers, pricing and trading methods, and the characteristics of systematic, diversified and competitive electricity retail market are prominent. Electricity retailers need to be more scientific in their pricing to ensure they are competitive in terms of market share and profits. Therefore, a probabilistic model considering customer demand response and a two-stage robust model considering power demand uncertainty are proposed in this paper. The upper model sets the TOU price with the goal of maximizing the benefit of electricity retailers, while the lower model considers the uncertainty of electric vehicles. The simulation analysis of IEEE33-node power system shows that the two-stage robust model can guide the user's power consumption decision by adjusting the TOU price, balance the uncertainty of electric vehicles, and improve the benefit of electricity sales.