Technetium-99m: a Nanomaterial Perspective

The radiolabeling of nanomaterials with technetium-99m (99mTc) has emerged as a promising strategy for integrating the advantages of nanotechnology and nuclear medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review aims to provide an indepth overview of the current state-of-the-art in the radiolabeling of nanomaterials with 99mTc. The exploration encompasses synthesis methods, labeling mechanisms, biological assessments, physicochemical characterizations, and clinical applications of 99mTc-labeled nanomaterials. Diverse categories of nanomaterials are addressed, including organic and inorganic nanoparticles, lipid- and protein-based nanosystems, as well as various carbon nanomaterials. Additionally, the review addresses challenges inherent in this evolving field, such as the stability of the radiolabel, potential nanomaterial toxicity, and regulatory considerations. The discussion is concluded by exploring promising future perspectives and potential areas for research development in the realm of 99mTc-labeled nanomaterials.