Genome-wide and expression analysis to understand the DUF789 gene family during development of Arabidopsis thaliana

Proteins with domains of unknown function (DUF) play an essential role in the growth of plants. However, we conducted a study on the genome-wide identification of DUF789 genes and the functional evolution of different members of the DUF789 gene family in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. A total of 11 AtDUF789s were discovered in the A. thaliana genome, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using sequences from A. thaliana, G. max, Vitis vinifera, Solanum tuberosum, Medicago truncatula, and Sorghum bicolor. Gene structure analysis showed that the number of non-coding regions varied between 4 and 5, while the coding pattern ranged from 5 to 6. The promoter of AtDUF789s contains the cis-regulatory elements ABRE, MBS, and LTR, specifically. By analyzing the expression of the 11 AtDUF789s in tissues, we observed that these AtDUF789s were up-regulated in all observed tissues, which may indicate their involvement in plant growth. The study of the DUF789 gene family in A. thaliana provides new and valuable data for plant breeding and molecular studies.