Evaluation of Water Quality and Eutrophication of Typical Lakes in Southeast Hubei, China

Field surveys and sample analyses were conducted from January 2018 to December 2019 on Daye Lake, Cihu Lake, Baoan Lake, and Xiandao Lake to understand the water quality characteristics of typical lakes in southeast Hubei. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was conducted and the comprehensive trophic level index was applied to evaluate the lakes’ water quality. The results showed differences in the regional, spatial, and temporal distributions of physical and chemical indicators in typical lakes in southeast Hubei. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that the water quality levels in Daye, Cihu, Baoan, and Xiandao Lakes for 2018 and 2019 were IV, IV, III, and II and V, IV, III, and II, respectively, with seasonal variations in water quality occurring during the year. The trophic level index results showed that Cihu Lake was mildly eutrophic in 2018 and moderately eutrophic in 2019, and Daye, Baoan, and Xiandao Lakes were mildly eutrophic, mildly eutrophic, and mesotrophic, respectively. Lake water quality was influenced by land use types, landscape configuration, inflowing rivers, precipitation, and interactions between land use and seasons. This study helps us to understand the trend and causes of lake pollution in Southeast Hubei, which is conducive to watershed management and the control of water quality deterioration, and also has an important role in regulating the sustainable development of industry and agriculture in the watershed.