WSO-Optimized PID Controller Design for SEPIC Converter Voltage Stability

In this study, the performance of the PID controller of a DC-DC converter with a photovoltaic panel source with variable solar irradiance (W/m<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>) or a constant voltage source is compared with the Modified Ziegler-Nichols Method and White Shark Optimization (WSO). In order to overcome the nonlinear V-I characteristic of the photovoltaic panels and ensure system reliability, a SEPIC converter with voltage step-up, step-down, hold constant and same polarity with the input voltage is used. The variable conditions of the system are controlled by a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller. The performance of the controller is evaluated by means of algorithms that optimize parameters such as integral of time and absolute error (ITAE), rise time (Tr) and overshoot amount (Mp). Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show that the performance of the controller obtained with the optimization algorithm is superior to the classical methods. This study highlights the importance of metaheuristic optimization methods and the importance of using SEPIC converter and PID controller together in solar energy applications.