A Comparative Study of Microstrip Antennas with Two Distinct Feeding Techniques with Different Substrates for S-Band Applications

This study compares microstrip antennas with two distinct feeding techniques and different substrates for S-band applications. Microstrip patch antennas are known for their compactness, lightweight, and ease of integration with microwave circuits. The feeding technique and substrate material can influence these antennas’ resonant frequency and bandwidth. In this study, a rectangular microstrip patch antenna with two rectangular slots was designed using CST software for the frequency range of 2.0 GHz to 4.0 GHz. The antenna’s performance was analyzed by comparing parameters such as VSWR, gain, frequency, return loss, and bandwidth for coaxial feeding and microstrip line feeding techniques with two different substrates. The results showed that Design 3 exhibited the best overall performance, with high gain, wide bandwidth, and low return loss, although it had a relatively higher VSWR. Regarding substrate materials, FR4 was a cost-effective choice, while RO4003C offered better performance at high frequencies but with higher cost implications. This study provides valuable insights into the design and performance analysis of microstrip patch antennas, aiding in selecting optimized designs for various wireless communication systems.