Development and Evaluation of an Advanced Battery Management System (BMS) for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Renewable Energy Applications

This paper presents the development and evaluation of a Battery Management System (BMS) designed for renewable energy storage systems utilizing Lithium-ion batteries. Given their high energy capacity but sensitivity to improper use, Lithium-ion batteries necessitate advanced management to ensure safety and efficiency. The proposed BMS incorporates several key features: short-circuit and overcurrent protection, over-voltage and under-voltage protection, and state of charge (SOC) estimation using a 12 th-order polynomial mathematical model. The system was tested for its protective functions and accuracy in SOC estimation. Experimental results indicated the BMS’s effectiveness, with a high probability of success in overcurrent/short-circuit and over-voltage/undervoltage protections. The SOC estimation model yielded promising results, with acceptable root mean square error (RMSE) values under various conditions. The study concludes that the developed BMS enhances the safety and lifespan of Lithium-ion batteries in renewable energy applications. Recommendations for future improvements include adding balancing circuits for series-connected batteries and additional temperature sensors to prevent thermal runaway. This work contributes to the advancement of battery management technologies, crucial for the integration of renewable energy sources and the development of sustainable energy solutions.