Financing mode decision of characteristic tourist town based on improved G1 and Z-number-TOPSIS: the Chinese case

Purpose The objective is to address financing challenges with an innovative technical approach and provide financial support to facilitate the sustainable development of characteristic tourist towns. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a novel decision model is proposed, which utilizes the CRITIC improved G1 weighting method to analyze financing factors and applies GRA to enhance the TOPSIS model under a Z-Number fuzzy environment. Finally, sensitivity analysis and comparative assessment were conducted to validate the findings and the model. Findings The findings indicate that equity financing is the optimal mode of financing for characteristic tourist towns, with bond financing serving as a viable alternative. Key factors influencing financing include economic benefit, social benefit and policy risk. Managers should carefully consider these factors when selecting financing methods in order to enhance efficiency and mitigate risks. Originality/value As a new business model and value creation method of cultural and tourism integration, the financing decision of a characteristic tourism town has always been the key to the overall promotion and operation. The research constructs a financing index system for characteristic tourism towns based on benefit and risk considerations, using the hot spring town in Anhui Province, China, as a case study to evaluate eight financing models.