Research on the synthesis process and properties of dinitramide compounds for applications in propellants and explosives

Dinitramide compounds are characterized by a high oxygen and nitrogen content and the absence of halogens in their molecular structure, making them suitable for environmentally friendly new-generation propellants and explosives. This study outlines the optimization of the synthetic pathways for these compounds, including the preparation of guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN) via nitration and the synthesis of potassium dinitramide (KDN), ammonium dinitramide (ADN), and guanidinium dinitramide (GDN) through ion-exchange reactions. Additionally, the resulting dinitramide compounds were systematically evaluated for their physicochemical properties, ballistic characteristics, and spectral features. The findings demonstrate that these compounds exhibit high synthesis efficiency and possess properties conducive to their effective application in propellant and explosive formulations.