Analyzing Direction of Arrival Dynamics in GNSS Controlled-Reception Pattern Antennas Under Real Jamming Scenarios

This paper investigates the effects of jamming signal Direction of Arrival (DOA) variations on the performance of two Controlled Reception Pattern Antennas (CRPAs): the NovAtel 7-element GAJT and the 4-element CRPA. By leveraging the Safran GSG-8 GNSS Signal Simulator and the Skydel software, experiments were conducted in an anechoic chamber at the Royal Military College of Canada, where GNSS signals were broadcast alongside real jamming signals. Two types of high-power jamming signals, Continuous Wave (CW) and Narrowband (NB) were used to assess the antennas' ability to mitigate interference under changing DOA conditions. Metrics such as Carrier-to-Noise ratio (C/N?), Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP), and position accuracy were analyzed to evaluate each antenna's performance. Results demonstrate that while both antennas are vulnerable to CW jamming, the 7-element GAJT antenna exhibited better resilience against NB jamming, maintaining higher positional accuracy and signal integrity. The findings provide valuable insights into the performance of CRPAs in dynamic interference scenarios, highlighting the importance of DOA variations in assessing anti-jamming capabilities.