Phytochemical analysis of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) grown in Uzbekistan

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) a documented medicative plant, is used as a foodstuff, cosmetic, and medicine. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of mineral fertilizers on phytochemical evaluation, curcumin, flavonoids and total proteins contents of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizomes grown in different regions of Uzbekistan. The experiment were carried out in randomized block design with three replications a mini plot experiment at Institute of Genetics and Plant experimental Biology, Kibray district, Tashkent Region and a field experiments at the Surkhandarya scientific experimental station of the vegetable, melon crops and potato research Institute, Uzbekistan. Experimental treatments included: T1 – Control (without fertilizer), T2 - N75P50K50 kg/ha, T3 - N125P100K100 kg/ha and T4 – N100P75K75+B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha. At harvest, after eight months, phytochemical evaluation, curcumin, flavonoids and total proteins contents of turmeric rhizomes were determined. The results revealed presence of allkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, and saponins of methanolic extract of turmeric rhizomes grown in different regions (Tashkent and Surkhandarya). Chloroform extract shows the presence of 6 phytochemicals such as allkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates and saponins from the rhizomes of turmeric collected both regions Tashkent and Surkhandarya. However N100P75K75+B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha treatment significantly increased the curcumin, rutin and quercetin contents of turmeric rhizomes grown in Tashkent and Surkhandarya regions. The maximum the total protein content was recorded in the N125P100K100 kg/ha treatment increase significant the total protein content higher compared to control. It was concluded that the N100P75K75+B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha application rate significantly increased the curcumin and flavonoids contents of turmeric rhizomes grown in Tashkent and Surkhandarya regions as compared to control.