Unravelling the Evolutionary History of Malaria Vectors: Insights from Functional Genes

Malaria is one of the most deadly and challenging tropical diseases to treat.Various factors, including the lack of a viable vaccine, medication resistance in the parasite, and insecticide resistance in the vectors, impact strategies for controlling the transmission of malaria parasites.Evolutionary studies of several gene families involved in the growth and development of vector species, as well as the interactions between vectors and parasites, are needed.To achieve this objective, a few functionally significant genes (immune genes and insecticide-resistant genes) were chosen to deduce the significance of evolution in the natural population of mosquito species.This information serves as inspiration and a pragmatic approach for understanding the co-evolution of vector-parasite interactions.Insights into the evolutionary patterns of these genes will also highlight the biological role of natural selection in Indian malaria mosquitoes.This research enables us to comprehend the patterns of gene families and functional genes in Indian malaria mosquitoes that are essential for their survival and defence.