Mathematical model of molten iron and slag flow in the hearth

The stable hearth discharge is crucial for the operation of a blast furnace (BF). This study established a mathematical model for hearth discharge based on Bernoulli's principle, which considers the blast pressure, kinetic energy of molten iron and slag, gravitational potential energy, the pressure loss of molten iron and slag flowing through the deadman and taphole. It is found that the sharp increase of molten iron and slag flow is probably due to the fracture of the mud, while the sharp decrease of molten iron and slag flow is probably due to the blockage of the taphole by coke. This paper also studies the effect of operating parameters on the hearth discharge. With the increase of taphole plug time, the production rate and slag viscosity, the tap-end time will increase. With the increase of deadman voidage, the tap-end time will be shortened. The correctness of the mathematical model was verified by the actual flow rate of slag and molten iron.