Advanced Optimization Techniques for Federated Learning on Non-IID Data

Federated learning enables model training on multiple clients locally, without the need to transfer their data to a central server, thus ensuring data privacy. In this paper, we investigate the impact of Non-Independent and Identically Distributed (non-IID) data on the performance of federated training, where we find a reduction in accuracy of up to 29% for neural networks trained in environments with skewed non-IID data. Two optimization strategies are presented to address this issue. The first strategy focuses on applying a cyclical learning rate to determine the learning rate during federated training, while the second strategy develops a sharing and pre-training method on augmented data in order to improve the efficiency of the algorithm in the case of non-IID data. By combining these two methods, experiments show that the accuracy on the CIFAR-10 dataset increased by about 36% while achieving faster convergence by reducing the number of required communication rounds by 5.33 times. The proposed techniques lead to improved accuracy and faster model convergence, thus representing a significant advance in the field of federated learning and facilitating its application to real-world scenarios.