Anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs) x microbiota: uma simbiose ou disbiose intestinal?

Background: Considering the widespread use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the following study aimed to discuss their potential effects on the intestinal microbiota and the consequent repercussions in clinical practice. Materials and methods: The development of the bibliographic review was based on the “PubMed” research platform, through the use of the keywords: “NSAIDs”/“Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs” and “Microbiota”/“Microbiome”/“Gut microbiota”, with the full reading of those articles published in the last 5 years in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews and other bibliographic reviews were excluded from the study, resulting in a final sample of 14 articles. Results: The evidence of quantitative and qualitative changes in the intestinal microbiome attributed to the use of these drugs was significant, with an increase in Gram-negative microorganisms and a reduction in Gram-positive microorganisms. However, the altered microorganisms, the observed pathologies, and other factors involved, as well as the intervention strategies addressed to treat the dysbiosis, do not yet have their mechanisms completely defined. Conclusion: Despite the inconclusive results, a therapeutic alternative for the presented dysbiosis would be the use of probiotics from Gram-positive strains. In addition, room is opened for the benefit of new studies in the area