Influence of Deformation Processes of the Earth’s Crust of Central Asia on Anomalies of Volumetric Air Radon Activity

Methods for measuring alpha radiation during radon decay have found wide application in studies related to ecology, health protection, geological and geophysical surveys, as well as the possibility of predicting deformation processes in the earth’s crust. Measuring radon levels in air and water is used to search for uranium deposits. Registration of low-intensity radiation and volumetric activity of radon seems to be a difficult task due to the insufficiently high sensitivity of detection systems. When creating instruments and devices for studying natural radioactivity, silicon detectors are widely used. The advantages of such detectors are simplicity, the ability to operate in a wide temperature range, under conditions of large flows of weakly ionizing alpha, gamma and beta radiation, and obtaining integral or averaged radon activity. Designed and manufactured highly sensitive detectors of large sizes installed in a radiometric device make it possible to measure and monitor low-intensity and low-energy radiation in various environments. The study of changes in radon concentrations in groundwater and soils can be used to predict earthquakes and destructive landslides caused by deformations of the earth’s surface. Long-term monitoring of volumetric radon activity and gamma radiation activity was carried out on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Tashkent) and a connection between radon concentration and deformation processes in the earth’s crust was identified.