Circular Economy: The 4Rs reduce-reuse-recycle-recover

Abstract This article summarizes the lecture presented at the Net Built 2024 conference. The lecture addresses the unsustainability of the current linear economy, characterized by the “take, make, dispose” model, in light of environmental challenges. The inefficiencies of this system lead to increased energy consumption, elevated CO2 emissions, and the exacerbation of climate change. It examines the current state of design and construction with respect to climate change and sustainable resource management. Additionally, the lecture introduces a methodology that integrates technologies and design philosophies capable of driving significant positive change. By advocating for a transformative approach to the expected lifetime of buildings and components, this presentation explores new paradigms grounded in the principles of the circular economy. To illustrate these strategies and their outcomes, the author provides a series of case studies. The presentation delves into open methods and strategies for managing building systems, focusing on lifecycle impact, durability, serviceability, and obsolescence.