Research Progress of Cobalt Based Phosphide Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are important new energy storage devices. Due to the abundance of sodium and the similar operating principles of SIBs to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), SIBs are considered as an important complementary technology to LIBs that will dominate the next generation of energy storage. However, large-scale application of SIBs is hindered by severe capacity decay and low rate capability. The actual capacity of batteries is closely related to the specific capacity of anode materials. Therefore, the development of high-capacity anode materials has become a key area of research for SIBs. Transition metal compounds can improve these problems due to their unique electronic band structure, good chemical adsorption ability, and excellent catalytic ability. Cobalt-based phosphide anode materials have the characteristics of high theoretical capacity, abundant reserves, and low prices, making them become promising anode materials for SIBs. Furthermore, adjusting the size and structure and combining with carbon-based or non-carbon-based materials can effectively alleviate the defects of cobalt-based phosphide electrodes, thereby improving the specific capacity, cyclic stability, and rate capability of SIBs. This review summarizes the recent research progress on cobalt-based phosphide anode materials for SIBs, including the current research status and future development prospects.