Appropriate Placement of Electrodes for ECG Measurements in Military and Police Force

In non-ambulatory ECG monitoring or monitoring in extreme conditions, the stability of the lead and signal during subject movement is important for proper data evaluation. It is generally known that motion artifacts affect signal quality. These have a significantly larger amplitude than biosignals and are a significant source of signal distortion, which affects the accuracy of the data. To reduce this effect, it is important to work at both the hardware level, encompassing the selection of appropriate technology, sensor placement, and the software level, where effective artifact compensation methods and automatic recognition techniques need to be used. In this paper, we provide an overview of sensors for measuring cardiac activity, considering them the most suitable sensor type for extreme conditions. Additionally, we present an overview of methods for recording physiological signals in military and police forces, focusing primarily on the placement of ECG electrodes. The objective is to determine the most appropriate placement of ECG electrodes concerning physical activity, signal quality, and user wearability. To achieve this goal, we conducted ECG signal quality measurements during various activities, testing seven different ECG electrode placements.