Survey of Post-Quantum Lattice-Based Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption Schemes for Cloud Storage: Taxonomy, Open Issues, and Future Directions

Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is one of the most prevalent cryptographic primitives for realizing privacy and fine-grained access control in cloud computing. However, most of the existing CP-ABE schemes constructed using Paring-Based Cryptography (PBC) from Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP) or Diffie Hellman Problem (DHP) assumptions are susceptible to quantum attacks, whereas CP-ABE schemes constructed using lattice-based cryptography based on Learning with Errors (LWE) and Ring-LWE (R-LWE) assumptions are quantum-safe and ensure fine-grained access control. This paper comprehensively surveys the existing Lattice-based CP-ABE (LCP-ABE) schemes based on LWE and R-LWE assumptions. Further, this paper analyzes and compares the security and performance features of existing LCP-ABE schemes. Finally, this paper identifies the open issues and future directions that need further investigation on LCP-ABE schemes.