ZnSnS Nanoparticles Synthesized by Simple SMI Technique for Photocatalytic Application

Photocatalysis, driven by semiconductor nanoparticles under visible or ultraviolet light, has emerged as a powerful and sustainable approach for environmental remediation and clean energy production. In this study, we investigate the photocatalytic potential of tin (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) mole % alloyed with zinc sulfide (ZnSnS) nanoparticles as efficient catalysts for various environment and energy-related applications. ZnSnS nanoparticles were produced via a simple microwave irradiation technique. Comprehensive structural characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESEM, EDAX and HRTEM confirmed the successful incorporation of tin atoms into the ZnS crystal lattice. Optical study indicated significant blue shifts in the absorption edge, extending the light absorption into the visible region, a key advantage for photocatalytic applications. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of Zn-alloyed SnS nanoparticles in degrading organic pollutants and hydrogen evolution from water splitting reactions. Our results revealed remarkable enhancements in photocatalytic activity. The enhanced efficiency can be credited to the creation of fresh energy levels within the bandgap, aiding in the separation and movement of charges, and also to the heightened light absorption caused by the reduced bandgap. Furthermore, stability tests indicated the durability of (ZnSnS) nanoparticles, making them suitable candidates for long-term applications in real-world environments. The observed photocatalytic activity enhancements hold promise for addressing environmental issues, including wastewater treatment, air purification, and hydrogen production for clean energy.