Ultrafine GGBS and Fly Ash as Cement Replacement for Sustainable Concrete

The construction industry is one of the major contributors to environmental degradation. Hence, it requires eco-friendly practices to make concrete more sustainable. This can be achieved by addition of mineral admixtures as a cement replacement. This process helps the environment in two ways: by reducing the carbon dioxide emission through cement replacement and by utilizing mineral admixtures such as fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), metakaolin, rice husk ash and silica fume, which are all industrial wastes or by-products. Hence, this approach lowers the greenhouse effect and global warming by reducing carbon dioxide emissions and prevents environmental contamination by utilizing industrial wastes. This experimental study aims to find the perfect combination of mineral admixtures such as fly ash and ultrafine GGBS to maximize cement replacement in concrete without compromising its mechanical properties and achieving a more sustainable concrete for day-to-day practice. For this study, the fly ash percentage was maintained at 20% for all trials, with the ultrafine GGBS percentage varying from 15% to 30%.