Electric delivery vehicle routing problem optimization model with time-varying traffic congestion

In order to plan a reasonable scheme for the fleet travel and minimize the energy consumption of electric vehicles during traffic congestion periods, while relieving the mileage anxiety of delivery personnel, the pure electric delivery vehicle routing problem considering time-varying traffic congestion was studied. Firstly , a novel mixed integer programming model (TD-EVRP) is established to step for its extended model of EVRP, which especially characterizes the time-varying traffic congestion state and measures the energy consumption of electric delivery vehicles. This model also refines its constraints including customer time window, vehicle load, and vehicle charging requirements. Secondly, a traffic congestion avoidance strategy is introduced into the model, which allows vehicles to park and charge at customer points during peak traffic periods in order to actively avoid unnecessary energy consumption caused by traffic congestion. Finally, the improved ant colony algorithm is designed to acquire the optimal solution.