Spatio-temporal characteristics and coupling coordination factors of industrial water resource system resilience and utilization efficiency: A case study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

• The interaction mechanism between R IWRS and E IWRU is analyzed. • The evaluation index system of R IWRS is constructed based on the PSR model. • R IWRS and E IWRU go through three stages: antagonism, adaptation and coordination. • Influencing factors of each interrelationship stage are detected using BPANN. • The technological innovation level is the key factor during coordination stage. With the rapid expansion of urbanization and the intensification of climate change, industrial activities have increased the uncertainty faced by water resource system. The coordinated development of industrial water resource system resilience (R IWRS ) and utilization efficiency (E IWRU ) has become the current goal. In this paper, the coupling coordination model was used to analyze the interaction between R IWRS and E IWRU in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YEB), and back-propagation artificial neural networks were constructed to investigate the crucial factors influencing coupling coordination levels. The results of this study showed: (1) R IWRS in YEB fluctuated upward from 2011 to 2021, with the growth rate decreasing in the order of “upper-middle-lower reaches,” and E IWRU in YEB showed a “W” trend. (2) The relationship between R IWRS and E IWRU transformed from antagonism to adaptation to coordination stage, with an overall improvement of coupling coordination degree. (3) The coupling coordination relationship was developing, and its influencing factors were constantly changing. The antagonism, adaptation, and coordination stage were primarily influenced by natural resource endowment, environmental protection level, and technological innovation level, respectively. This study can enrich the relevant research framework, which can also provide theoretical references for the YEB and even global industrial water resource sustainable development.