Antioxidant Activities of Some Edible and Poisonous Amanita Species from Türkiye

Amanita is a diverse and important genus of fungi, encompassing species that are edible, poisonous, ectomycorrhizal, or saprotrophic. Antioxidant characteristics of Amanita caesarea, A. citrina, A. franchetii, A. muscaria, A. pantherina, A. phalloides, and A. rubescens were assessed in this study. Fungal specimens were collected from different parts of Türkiye and their identity was confirmed by DNA sequence analyses based on ITS rDNA gene region. The highest concentration of total phenolics (5.45 mg gallic acid equivalent, GAE/g dry matter, dw) was determined in A. rubescens, while A. muscaria had the lowest amount (2.44 mg GAE/g dw). Interestingly, the biological activity of A. citrina was very close to A. caesarea (5.11 mg GAE/g dw). Three distinct approaches, namely DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, were used to study the antioxidant capacities of the different Amanita species. Amanita citrina (21.15 μmol trolox equivalent, TE/g dw), A. caesarea (66.54 μmol TE/g dw), and A. rubescens (13.99 μmol TE/g dw) had the maximum DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activity, respectively. Except for the top values, ABTS radical scavenging potential ranged between 20.80 and 55.98 μmol TE/g dw, however, DPPH was in the gap of 11.76–19.79 μmol TE/g dw. There were significant differences among FRAP results (p < 0.05). Polyphenolic compounds of Amanita species were strongly associated with antioxidant molecules that can be reacted with both DPPH and ABTS radicals (p < 0.05).