Long Non-coding RNAs: Potential Diagnostic and Treatment Targets for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, necessitating ongoing scientific research to understand its detection, treatment, and prevention. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse group of non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in regulating tumourigenic processes, such as cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite not encoding proteins, lncRNAs have significant impacts on the development and progression of NSCLC. Recent evidence suggests that lncRNAs may serve as valuable biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosticating NSCLC through tissue or blood analysis, and as potential therapeutic targets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in lncRNA research for NSCLC, offering new insights into their mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications. It also explores promising avenues for therapeutic development. By elucidating the complex roles of lncRNAs in NSCLC, this article aims to contribute to the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that can significantly enhance patient outcomes. Understanding the multifaceted functions of lncRNAs in lung cancer has the potential to lead to substantial progress in early disease detection, targeted treatments, and personalised medicine, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life for individuals affected by this devastating disease.