Regional nerve blocks for peripheral neuropathy: a rare clinical case report

Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication in patients with diabetes. However, the appropriateness of administering nerve block anesthesia to these patients remains uncertain. Key concerns include the potential for prolonged block duration, an increased risk of local anesthetic toxicity, and the possibility of further damaging already compromised peripheral nerves. We herein report a case involving a patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who underwent finger amputation under ultrasound-guided nerve block anesthesia and subsequently lost pain and temperature sensation in both hands 1 month later. For critically ill patients undergoing surgery, regional anesthesia, such as a nerve block, may be a more suitable option than general anesthesia. When performing nerve block procedures in patients with diabetes, using ultrasound guidance is recommended to ensure precise targeting and reduce the risk of complications. However, it remains unclear whether nerve block anesthesia exacerbates peripheral neuropathy.