Numerical investigation of pre-chamber holes diameter geometry on combustion parameters in a hydrogen-powered Turbulent Jet Ignition engine

The search for substitutes for conventional fuels leads to the use of hydrocarbon-free or synthetic fuels. One of them is hydrogen. The use of hydrogen in combination with a two-stage charge creation system leads to the combustion of lean (λ > 1) or very lean (λ > 3) charges. The simulation tests carried out were aimed at determining the best configuration of the chamber connecting the prechamber with the main combustion chamber. Three variants of the diameter of the holes connecting the chambers were selected (d = 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mm) in combination with different fuel doses fed to the prechamber. A passive chamber (qo_PC = 0 mg) and an active chamber (qo_PC = 0.4 and 1.2 mg) were used, while simultaneously sending a dose of fuel to the main chamber (qo_MC = 6 mg). The research was conducted using AVL Fire 2022.1 software using the moving mesh of the LDV engine. As a result of simulation work, the most favorable conditions for carrying out the process were determined, considering the thermodynamic effects of the process and the accepted values of nitrogen oxide concentration. The resulting correlation maps of the sizes of the chamber openings and the fuel doses fed to the prechamber may determine the initial selection of possibilities for controlling hydrogen combustion in the TJI system.